AT most in the left hand, you'll play four tones simultaneously, but more often you're playing just two or three.
Generally when you are harmonizing the melody, you will voice chords in both hands with the melody note on top. A standard way to do this in jazz is put the root and third or root and 7th in the left hand, and fill out two more of the chord tones in the right plus melody note. This gives five tones across both hands, it's grounded because you're including the bass note on the bottom.
When you voice chords, important tones are root, 3rd, 7th, 9th and any altered tones. The fifth is not so important because it doesn't add to the harmony so it's sometimes excluded. So if you pick and choose the important ones to include. You can't include them all. So you have to leave out some.
There is no fingering bible of chords because different styles of music do different things. Gospel players use different chord voicing than pop players, which is different than etc. So it depends on what style of music you're doing.