Firstly I must define what I mean by "biggest". I mean the chord that has the most differently named notes in it not counting duplicates.
Initially I was assuming equal temperament but if someone can give me an example where F# is different from Gb, etc. then I shall count that provided the frequency is different.
For example, the maximum such chord could be achieved on a equal-tempered piano by simultaneously striking every white note and every black note within an octave. Say from middle C to the B above it.
I am interested in actual explicitly notated orchestral scores rather than simply random chords produced during improvisation.