Gee... there isn't enough space to answer your question here or in any written, set material really. If you want to study systematically, I strongly recommend you hire a few teachers, explain what you are after, see which ones you like best, and stick with that one for a year rain or shine before reassessing where you want to go.
The problem with recommending any method is that it may be suited for some and not others. The method will have to adapt to your style, skills, and desire. Someone already mentioned Suzuki, which in my opinion won't do you much good for sight reading, understanding of music theory, or working on your interpretation skills, though this is a very general statement that would surely not apply to everyone learning Suzuki by all means, just to a large number of kids whom I have seen using that technique. And again, perhaps for you, this is the best method out there. Hard to tell. All that to say that you won't find one method that meets everyone's needs and is approved by everyone.
One possible "menu" to explore with whatever teacher you find and make yours based on your skills, and most importantly, your INTEREST:
5 mn warm up exercises (e.g. Hanon, scales, arpegios for a start)
5 mn sight reading (pick some compilation books of easy classical
tunes much lower than your current level and covering a large number
of centuries; simplified scores are ok for this). Move on to a new
piece every day. Mistakes are ok.
work on 1-2 new pieces, slightly challenging for you always but not
by much. Try to spread the composers over the centuries. Bach will
cover a LOT of what you need to master. Some romantic composers will
allow you to improve dexterity, give more space for interpretation, but
be more permissive w.r.t. accuracy. Try some XXth century composers
following your own tastes (can be Ravel/Debussy, or just some movie
sound tracks; or the Beatles; whatever to stretch the limits of the styles
you play really).
last, rehearse pieces you already know so that you practice your
accuracy, memory, and interpretation
you can also finish with a few minutes of Jazz/blues improvisation. Try
composing on your own even if you really want to explore music in all its
forms: it will greatly improve your understanding, memorisation and
interpretation of what you already play.