For example, GreenSleeves
Is there a name for this type of composition: chord/harmony + melody? I'm not looking for the genre, which is traditional folk music.
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Is there a name for this type of composition: chord/harmony + melody? I'm not looking for the genre, which is traditional folk music.
You're asking about what we call texture.
Your example is homophonic (noun: homophony), meaning that one part dominates while the other parts merely provide harmonic support. Some would use the term melody-dominated homophony for something like Greensleeves.
Something like a Bach fugue is polyphonic, meaning there are many independent musical lines.
There is also monophonic music, which is just a single melodic line either played by one instrument or by multiple instruments in parallel motion.
You may be looking for the word 'homophonic'. This describes a musical texture that in clearly divided into a melody and an accompaniment. The opposite is 'polyphonic' which describes music where multiple melodic strands intertwine.
Beyond the most basic singing to a strummed guitar, absolutely pure homophony is rare. In a SATB hymn tune, we try to give each voice a melodic line rather than just jumping around randomly to 'fill in the chord'. Even in the simple 'Greensleeves' version you posted, the chords follow a downwards scale rather than jumping all over the place. This gives a little contrapuntal interest to the music.