Does a tractor count? You don't need any electricity after having started a reasonably aged one.
Which boils down to the principal problem: you need an energy source. Combustion engines like the one used here are not useful for indoor use. If you use electricity for running a mechanism, using electronics saves a lot of mass and trouble even though loudpeakers cannot hold a candle to the effiency of musical instruments regarding converting energy to sound. But they are much more universal.
Nevertheless, there are "mechanical orchestras" running on pneumatics controlled by piano-roll type programs. You can run some of them on man power and/or some clockwork but they'll be a really hefty workout.
A metronome usually has more of a "wood block" kind of sound rather than drums with a concentrated peak of sound energy. It's actually easy to wind up, but it doesn't actually run for all that long.