What are the characteristics that make bebop, bebop?
A well-written answer in my perspective includes but is not limited to the following (credit to @jdjazz for writing (a) through (e))
(a) the harmony/chords of bebop (upper extensions, alterations, presence more changes, lots of ii-V's, substitutions, reharmonizations)
(b) the melodies (heavy syncopation, up-tempo)
(c) the rhythmic patterns
(d) the structure of songs (head-solos-head, with a heavy emphasis on improvisation & virtuosity)
(e) the foundations in blues & swing (e.g., melodic ideas, harmonic ideas, contrafacts, but also the ways bebop intentionally deviated from these genres)
(f) the historical and cultural elements. (The rhythm section evolved quite a bit too in bebop.)
(g) IMPORTANT-> an analysis of the particular musical devices and phrases that are quintessential to bebop.
For example, in part (f), an answer may include 13 different musical devices, and for each of those devices, say, the use of the b13 as a passing tone on a major chord, your answer explains the concept in detail and gives examples of those devices listing specific timestamps to bebop masters such as Charlie Parker or Bud Powell using that musical device.
I know this may seem like a really long question with lots of research to be done, but I feel that it will be super beneficial to all the jazz lovers out there and to anyone learning the genre of bebop.