Questions tagged [roman-numerals]
The harmonic analysis of music using Roman Numerals to express the function of harmony.
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Roman numeral notation for a suspended chord?
On the Wikipedia entry for Roman numeral analysis, it says that major chords use the upper case numerals (e.g. IV for the F major chord in the C major scale) and lowercase letters for minor chords (e....
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Score analysis: Minuet in G Minor BWV Anh 115
The piece modulates from G minor to Bb major between the bars 12-14 but I don't know how to mark these chords as they have B natural in them, which doesn't belong neither to G minor nor Bb major. So, ...
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What is bad about Roman Numeral Analysis?
I have studied Roman numeral analysis in my theory courses, and I think that it's a good way of describing and understanding classical music, especially that of the classical and early romantic ...
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Harmonic analysis of the B section of "Have You Met Miss Jones"
I've been studying the standard Have You Met Miss Jones and I came across a very interesting chord progression in the B section of the piece. The A section is pretty typical and the key it's in is F ...
Dom♦
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Roman numeral chord notation in minor scale?
I need help to understand chord intervals (not single note intervals) explains what the numbers I, IV, vi, III+ usually stand for in major chord theory.
But what's it like with a minor scale? What ...
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Harmony and roman numeral analysis: how to deal with chromaticism?
I recently started playing piano.
While learning and performing new pieces, I found that it helps me a lot to have some certainty of what's going on with the notes, the chords, and the harmony.
I ...
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Before the advent of Roman-numeral analysis, did musicians conceptualize applied/secondary chords as somehow moving towards their temporary tonics?
As discussed in Origin of Roman Numeral Analysis, Roman numerals weren't a widespread analytical tool until at least the 19th century.
With this in mind, imagine that you're a musician in 1770; you're ...
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I need help to understand chord intervals (not single note intervals)
I understand intervals between notes. Each number of steps between two notes has a particular name. Like this:
But some times I see people refering to intervals between chords, not single notes. Like ...
André Pena
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Origin of Roman Numeral Analysis
Out of curiosity, I was searching for the origin of Roman Numeral analysis and the only online source I could find was this passage in Wikipedia:
Gottfried Weber's Versuch einer geordneten Theorie ...
Dom♦
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Analyzing an unfamiliar Roman numeral analysis: Cm/G-G notated as V6/4-5/3?
I was following a question, https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/57733/tips-on-how-to-add-non-diatonic-chords-to-my-music, and one of the answers introduced a chord progression involving ...
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What does the roman numeral notation mean for this borrowed chord?
I am working my way through Asturias (Leyenda) in E minor for classical guitar. I believe the arrangement is based on the one by Segovia. I am using this sheet music, and comparing it to the tablature ...
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Is it really necessary to learn the Number System in Music?
I've been playing the bass for several years now and want to learn how to play jazz. I started out learning classical music because before the bass, I played the violin, so it just came easier for me. ...
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Roman numeral slash notation meaning and function? (V/iii)
When trying to find the function of the B major chord in C major I found that it was listed as a "V/iii" chord in this online calculator. I have never seen this before and don't know what ...
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Differentiating between II and II7 (secondary dominant V of V)
I'm studying harmony and start to make roman numeral analysis on Bach pieces.
I often mistake a II (second degree) for a secondary dominant on the 2nd degree(V7 of V).
I guess there are some notes ...
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Alternative Analysis for Non-Functioning Secondary Dominants
I've been reading though my Pocket Music Theory book and in the chapter on secondary dominants there is a concept that confuses me. The book says there can be non-functioning secondary dominants that ...
Dom♦
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Which roman numeral should I use for F# diminished chord in the key F Major?
In the key of F major, what roman numeral is the F# A C chord? I know it is a diminished chord. It is going from a F to F#dim to Gm7
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Unnecessarily convoluted analysis in Reger's modulations?
I am reading Reger's book of modulations, and his analysis does not seem to me to be the most consistent. This example (No. 72, from a minor to F♯ Major) comes across as particularly odd:
Here is the ...
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Should I use uppercase or lowercase roman numerals in Jazz harmonic analysis?
I know that there is not a fully defined specification for the language used in jazz harmonic analysis, as it has grown slowly and organically and has many variations. I have seen some textbooks use ...
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What is the difference between the bIII and III chord in a minor scale?
Wrting a chord as III in conventional notation gives you, as far as I can tell, two pieces of information:
The uppercase numerals mean it's a major chord, i.e., built by stacking a major third and a ...
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Do incomplete chords get roman numerals in harmonic analysis?
I am studying figured bass. I see some chords might be incomplete, for example 8/3 chords. Would those chords get Roman numerals assigned to them, or must all 3 notes of a triad be present to be able ...
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Nashville numbers in major vs minor keys
Some songs refer to their key as specifically major or minor, but others use both the major and relative minor as key centers, in an even enough proportion where it can be hard to say whether the I ...
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How do I determine the chord progression Roman numerals?
Let's say I'm playing the chords D, G, A and Bm. I know that D is my key, which would be Roman numeral I. How do I associate the other chords with their proper roman numerals? How would I determine ...
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What is meant by a M next to a roman numeral?
That is, a I or V followed by an M in the superscript.
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Franz Liszt Liebestraum No. 3 Bar 17 Roman Numeral Analysis
I'm going through Liszt's Liebestraum No. 3 in Ab M.... in bar 17, I don't know how to mark the A natural chord. It's either a #1 or the song has modulated to the natural minor, in which case it would ...
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Does the flat (b) in bIII flatten all the notes?
Say we're talking about C major.
In C major the III is E major (a non-diatonic chord) which consists of the pitches: E G# B
If we do bIII, does that b mean I should flatten all the notes in the ...
user34288
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7th chord notation confusion
I simply cannot understand the notation used in this question:
I need to express this chord in 4-part, open or close position; I just can't seem to understand how the notation works. I know that this ...
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Roman Analysis of "Ab B G" chord
I am currently analyzing a bit of music for homework which consists of four voices (string quartet).
It is in the key of G Major, but the chord that it ends on, is a Ab on the cello, B on the Viola, ...
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Are all modes relative to Ionian (major) in Roman numeral analysis?
I saw in this Wikipedia article that there are a lot of flats and sharps in the modal natural chords. And I was wondering if it's because they all refer to Ionian.
So in Aeolian the "bIII" chord is ...
user34288
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Intro of A Whiter Shade of Pale: is my analysis of chords correct?
I wonder about 2 points in this intro (I can ask them in to different questions if desired)
I'm not sure whether I hear this progression correct ...
The beginning ...
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Chord exceptions in City of New Orleans
Here are the first few chords of "City of New Orleans" as performed by Arlo Guthrie:
F# C# F# D#m B F#
F# C# F# D#m B F#
D#m A#m C# G#
If I lay out the chords in a roman numeral chart, starting at ...
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Trouble reading roman numeral notation with flats
I am working my way through an article on transformations in rock harmony, but I am getting stuck trying to read the author's roman numeral analysis. I would really appreciate some help understanding ...
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Passage has successive F minor and E minor chords. Is this atonal or chromatic?
I am studying this passage from LOTR.
The viola, cello, and bass here alternate between chords in F minor and E minor.
How would I write the lower 3 parts with Roman numerals? They don't share ...
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Roman Numeral Treatment of Suspensions
My question today stems from me having difficulty assigning a roman numeral to a chord which either has a suspension (please see below)
Or when there is melodic motion in the bass (please see below)
...
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The ambiguity of certain chord qualities in Roman numeral Analysis
Roman numeral analysis uses capitalization to disambiguate Major from minor, so the paradigm is not entirely based on inference. There seems to be a double standard as to what is explicit and what isn'...
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Minor Key (and other key?) Roman Numeral Analysis
What is the general standard in RNA for the natural minor key, as well as keys that are neither major nor nat. minor?
So in studying RNA, I found the major key pretty straightforward: I ii iii IV V ...
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Roman Numeral Analysis - Tonicization of relative major key in minor key
I have a passage that I am trying to analyse with roman numerals:
The passage is in B minor, but the section in question briefly tonicizes D major - the relative major key.
My question is, how can ...
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How exactly tell the root of a song over a defined scale on ambiguous harmonic context?
I play a song in either C major key or A minor key.
Usually I determine the root (C or A) taking into account clues like:
The happy or sad feel of it all
The first chord (C or Am)
Stereotypical ...
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Chords as Roman Numerals: how to represent in-between chords?
In a piece that is in C-major, the chords in Roman numerals would be I for C, ii for dm, iii for em, IV for F, V for G, etc.
Now let's say the piece also features a (rare) Eb chord. How would I ...
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Different harmonic changes implied by a simple descending scale
This is a question that readers may find confusing. It is a bit confusing to me too, but I'll try to explain and illustrate it as best as I can.
What are the harmonic functions (in terms of Roman-...
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Labeling a dominant triad over subdominant bass
I wanted to highlight a particular chord of my previous question because it was bugging me a bit. What would you call a dominant triad over a subdominant bass, in pop/jazz roman numeral analysis? It ...
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What is the roman numeral assigned to an Eb major chord in the key of F major?
What is the roman numeral assigned to an E♭ major chord in the key of F major? would it be a VII˚
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Functional analysis of chorale 'Wie wunderbarlich ist doch diese Strafe' BWV 244/46
I did some analysis of the chorale 'Wie wunderbarlich ist doch diese Strafe' (from Matthew Passion BWV 244 no.46), see below. But how would I analyse the first chord in measure 2? Obviously, it's an E ...
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What do the numerator and denominator of a chord name in roman numerals mean?
I'm reading a paper on music theory and I keep coming across names of chords expressed as a fraction - I/I, I/V, ii/I, etc. Based on the use of these names in the paper, I'm reading this as:
I/I: A ...
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Using standard Roman numeral analysis how should 7th and 9th qualities be determined?
Example:
C: V7 or inversions like C: V6/5 are understood to be dominant-seventh chords and C: V9 a dominant ninth chord with a diatonic, major ninth.
I think the basic idea is all the Arabic ...
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How to name a b7 chord
Whilst it's usual to name a D major chord (in key C) as V/V - the dominant of the dominant - is it legitimate to call Bb (b7) IV/IV - the subdominant of the subdominant? Another justification is of ...
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Strikethrough and Roman numeral analysis in Schoenberg
I've bumped into this very brief analysis in Structural Function of Harmony by Schoenberg and I've found that strikethrough V. Now, the chord is an D diminished seventh chord, leading to the dominant ...
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what do IV or a I or a III with a 3 or 5 above it mean?
I am a professional organist who has been self -teaching improvisation from an organ improvisation textbook by Marcel Dupre, titled "Complete Course in Organ Improvisation, volume 1."
At ...
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How writing a dominant 7 sus4 chord in RNA ( Vsus7 chord in the 1st inversion) [duplicate]
Maybe I’ve just a black out. But I wanted to notate a V7sus (inversion 1) writing a dominant 7 without the suspension of the 4th in RNA. No idea ...
g,c,d,f => c,d,f,g
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Roman Numeral Analysis of Tension-Heavy Jazz
So far, I have tried doing Roman numeral analysis mainly on Classical- and Romantic- era music. However, I just took a look at some Miles Davis, and didn't know what to do - there were so many chords ...
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How to write Roman numeral figures for non-chord tones (NCT) and inversions, triads and seventh chords?
What Roman numeral figures distinguish a 2nd inversion dominant triad with a NCT fourth from a root position dominant 7th chord with a NCT fourth?
Related to How writing a dominant 7 sus4 chord in ...
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