Others answers have already pointed that strings are named after the note they are tuned on. For the question "why aren't guitars tuned to the notes A B C D E F in this order?", stated in comments, the reason is that a guitar is intended to produce the most common and beautiful accords as easy as possible. Guitarists can produce different accords by pressing a few strings and the usual tuning of strings require simpler finger positioins to produce the most common accords. Therefore, the goal is not making easy to remember the names of the chords, it's making easy to remember and play the accords.
In fact, often performers tune the strings to different notes to make easier set of accords of some songs.