Other answers have already pointed that strings are named after the note they are tuned to. For the question "Why aren't guitars tuned to the notes A B C D E F in this order?", stated in comments, the reason is that a guitar is intended to produce the most common and beautiful chords as easily as possible. Guitarists can produce different chords by pressing a few strings and the usual tuning of strings require simpler finger positions to produce the most common chords. Therefore, the goal is not making it easy to remember the names of the strings, it's making it easy to remember and play the chords.

In fact, often performers tune the strings to different notes to make it easier to play the set of chords for some songs.