I have read about "Arabic Maqams" used in music (which is quite well discussed) but there are other Maqam systems as well.
What are the other Maqam systems used in other cultures/ traditions? And how many different maqams they include?
Thank
Update: I have found the following over the internet, but need further details like what are the scales used by so many differdnt traditions, and how does they sound like.
In general, a maqam is a scale or mode that is used as the basis for a musical composition or improvisation. For this reason, I would exclude Korean Sanjo and Javan Gamelan which are mentioned in the image which you have shared. While these are cited in the image as “forms of improvisation”, they seem to be rhythm- or percussion-based, so they are not “maqam systems”.
Indian, Arab, Turkish and Persian (traditional) music is based on modal systems and is also microtonal. However, it can also be argued that Indian raga should not be considered under the category of a “maqam system” but rather as its own category. This is because it developed independently, while the other systems share more similarities among each other.
On that note, even linguistically, I have never heard anyone refer to raga as a maqam. As for the others, they all have names that sound similar to “maqam”, except for Persian dastgah. However, the dastgah system is regarded as a rearrangement of an older system called maqam.
So, based on my definition, here is a list of the most well-known maqam systems:
